Estimation of dominance and heterosis of morpho-economic traits in intraspecific F1 hybrids of upland cotton
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11409018Keywords:
G. hirsutum L., variety, line, genotypes, heterosis, heterobeltiosis, fiberAbstract
The present research was conducted to determine the mean performance of parental variety and lines and heterotic effects in F1 hybrids of upland cotton. Six parental genotypes were included in the present study: Yulduz, Niso, Guliston, SS-BK, T-1336, and T-1391. All six parents were randomly crossed, and ten F1 hybrids were developed for evaluation. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The mean squares from the analysis of variance revealed that parents and F1 hybrids differed significantly in their mean performance regarding all the traits studied, except those hybrids were non-significant for staple length. The importance of heterotic effects was evident from the significant mean squares of parents vs. hybrids. The mean performance revealed that F1 hybrids performed better over the parents for the traits due to the manifestation of heterotic effects. The crosses Niso x Yulduz among the hybrids formed more bolls per plant. Also, they gave yet Niso x Yulduz maximum lint %, and longer fiber was measured in Yulduz x Guliston and Guliston x Yulduz. Also, T-1391 x Niso va SSB K-1 x Niso o formed a higher boll weight. The parental performance was not reflected in hybrid combinations; therefore, the potentiality of parents per se may not be taken for granted for expecting similar performance in the F1 hybrids. The heterotic effects of the hybrids revealed that at least three hybrids viz. Niso x Yulduz va Niso x Guliston were identified, and they exhibited relative heterosis above 50% and heterobeltiosis over 45% for bolls per plant. The hybrids also expressed a fair amount of heterosis for boll weight, lint %, and fiber length. The high heterotic effects for bolls per plant, boll weight, lint %, and fiber length highlight the promising potential for heterosis breeding in upland cotton, offering a bright outlook for future research.
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