The incidence of scabies parasite in Al-Muthanna province
Keywords:
armpits, ectoparasites, infecting, towels, waistAbstract
The results of the current study represent the first investigation on the infection of the scabies parasite, which was conducted by the Environment and Pollution Laboratory/Department of Biology, University of Al-Muthanna, southern Iraq. In this study, one case of Sarcoptes scabiei is described in a twenty-year-old with a severe infection, which was confirmed by the dermatologist after examining the mite lesions. Heavy lesions are characterized by the presence of 6–8 tunnels in the body area. Mild lesions are characterized by the presence of 1–2 of the parasite's tunnels in the body area. the buttocks, elbows, hands, and wrists are the most commonly affected areas in adult patients. As well as the armpits, feet, and waist. This infection may result from contact with infected people, use of the same underwear, handling of materials contaminated with the parasite, such as the use of towels, as well as a lack of personal hygiene. the results of the current study, recorded a rise in IgM during the first period and the continuation of infection (178.2 ± 15.2) and a decrease in this value (130.4±13.2) with the continuation of the treatment prescribed by the dermatologist, while the current study recorded a rise in IgG (1723.4± 19.3) during the late period of infection (the second week) and a decrease in the value (1100.2± 12.9) during the third week from infection. The current study recorded a significant difference in the IgM and IgG values when comparing the infected person and the control group before treatment, while non-significant difference after treatment in the IgM and IgG values when the values were (122.2±14.3 and 998.9 ±11.7) at a probability level (P ≤0.05).
References
Alynn M., Martin, T.A., Fraser, J.A., Lesku, K.S., Georgia, L.R., Jillian, G., Adam, P., Christopher, P.B., Scott. C. (2018). The cascading pathogenic consequences of Sarcoptes scabiei infection that manifest in host disease. Royal Society Open Science.5: 180018. * https:// doi:10.1098/rsos.180018
Angelone-Alasaad ,S., Molinar Min, A., Pasquetti,M., Alagaili, A.N., D'Amelio, S., Berrilli, F. (2015). Universal
conventional and real-time PCR diagnosis tools for Sarcoptes scabiei. Journal of Parasites and Vectors 8:587. 113.
Arlian, L.G., Runyan, R.A., Achar, S., Estes, S.A. (1984). Survival and infectivity of Sarcoptes scabiei var. canis and var. hominis [Internet]. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 11(2), 5-15. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih. gov/pubmed/6434601.
Arlian, L.G., Morgan, M.S. (2017). A review of Sarcoptes scabiei: past, present and future.Parasites Vector 10, 297. * https://doi:10.1186/s13071-017-2234-1.
Arlian, L.G., Runyan, R.A., Sorlie, L.B. (1984) Estes SA: Host-seeking behavior of Sarcoptes scabiei. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 11 (4 Pt 1): 594–598.
Borchard, P., Eldridge, D.J., Wright, I.A. (2012). Sarcoptes mange (Sarcoptes scabiei) increases diurnal activity of bare-nosed wombats (Vombatus ursinus) in an agricultural riparian environment. Mamm. Biol.77, 244–248. * https://doi:10.1016/j.mambio.2012.04.004.
Chan, T.F., Ji, K.M., Yim, A.K., Liu, X.Y., Zhou, J.W., Li, R.Q.(2015). The draft genome, transcriptome, and microbiome of Dermatophagoides farinae reveal a broad spectrum of dust mite allergens. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology , 135(2),539–48. * https://doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2014.09.031 PMID: 2544583.
Ciftci, I.H., Karaca, S., Dogru, O., Cetinkaya, Z., Kulac, M. (2006). Prevalence of pediculosis and scabies in preschool nursery children of Afyon, Turkey. Korean Journal of Parasitology, 44(1),8- 95.
Cross, P.C., Almberg, E.S., Haase, C.G., Hudson, P.J., Maloney, S.K., Metz, M.C., Munn, A.J., Nugent, P., Putzeys, O., Stahler, D.R., Stewart,A.C., Smith, D.W. (2016). Energetic costs of mange in wolves estimated from infrared thermography. Ecology, 97(8),1938-1948. * https:// doi: 10.1890/15-1346.1
David, J.C., Lucinda, C.F. (2019). A Review of Scabies: An Infestation More than Skin Deep.Dermatology, 235:79–90.
Hawel, N.H., Alasadiy, Y.D.K. (2018).Immunological Diagnosis for Trichomonasis in Women in AlMuthanna Province AL-Muthanna Journal of Pure Sciences ,5(1),1-9.
Ikoma, A., Stienhoff, M., Standr, S. (2006). The neurobiology of itch. Nature reviews nruroscience,7(7),535-547.
Jasim, M.S., Saleem, K. Al-H., Muhsin, A. AL-Dh. (2020). Evaluation of immune response in Iraqi patients treated for human scabies, AIP Conference Proceedings 2290, 020029; ttps://doi.org/10.1063/5.002751.
Kuhn, C., Lucius, R., Matthes, H.F., Meusel, G., Reich, B., Kalinna, B.H. (2008). Characterisation of recombinant immunoreactive antigens of the scab mite Sarcoptes scabiei.Veterinary Parasitology, 153(3–4), 329–37.
Larry, G.A. H., mann, F., Marjorie ,S.M. (2015). The Potential for a Blood Test for Scabies. PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases :1-11, * https:// doi:10.1371/journal pntd.0004188.
Mellanby, K. (1944). The development of symptoms, parasitic infection and immunity in human scabies. Parasitology,35(4),197.
Mezher, J.O., Alasadiy, Y.D.K., Ali, G.B. (2017). Molecular Detection for Cutaneous Leishmaniasis In Al-Muthanna Province, AL-Muthanna Journal of Pure Sciences, 4(1),119-128. https:// doi: 10.18081/2222-4223/017-6/111-128.
Mounsey, K.E., McCarthy, J.S. (2013). Treatment and control of scabies.Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases,26(2),133–9.
Mytton, O.T., McGready, R., Lee, S.J., Roberts, C.H., Ashley, E.A., Carrara, V.I., Thwai, K.L., Jay, M.P., Wiangambun, T., Singhasivanon, P., Nosten, F. (2007). Safety of benzyl benzoate lotion and permethrin in pregnancy: a retrospective matched cohort study. BJOG: International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics,114,582–587.
Nunuk, D.R. L., Poedji ,H., Lucia, T.S., Dony, C. (2018). Exploration of Sarcoptes scabiei Antigenic Protein Which Play Roles in Scabies Pathogenesis in Goats and Rabbits. Iranian Journal of Parasitology, 13(3) ,466-472.
Pence, D.B., Ueckermann, E. (2002) .Sarcoptic manage in wild life. Revue scientifique et technique ,21(2), 385-398.
Salavastru, C.M., Chosidow, O., Boffa, M.J., Janier, M., Tiplica, G.S. (2017). European guideline for the management of scabies. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, 31, 1248–1253.
Singalavanija, S., Limpongsanurak, W., Soponsakunkul, S. (2003). A comparative study between 10 per cent sulfur ointment and 0.3 per cent gamma benzene hexachloride gel in the treatment of scabies in children. Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand,86, S531-6.
Sunderkötter, C., Wohlrab, J., Hamm, H. (2021). Scabies: epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment. Deutsches Ärzteblatt International, 118,695–704. * https://doi: 10.3238/arztebl.m2021.0296.
Tefera, H., Tadesse, S., Tadeg, J. (2020). Scabies and its associated factors among under 15 years children in Wadila district, Northern Ethiopia, Pan African Medical Journal, 37(224),1-11.
Turki, N.M., Mallah, M.O., Alasadiy, Y.D.K. (2016). First isolation of G. lamblia genotyping by Multiplex-PCR assay for detection of mixed infection in Human Stool in AL-Muthanna province–Iraq, AL-Muthanna Journal of Pure Sciences, 3(2),1-10.
Zhang, Z.Q.) 2011(.Animal biodiversity: an outline of higher-level classification and survey of taxonomic richness. Zootaxa, 3148,237.
Yahmi, I.S., Mohamad, A., Utami, S.H., Endang, S. (2016). Life ycleSarcoptes scabiei and Pathogenicity Mite in Boarding School Malang, Indonesian International Journal of ChemTech Research, 9(3), 384-389.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Journal of Wildlife and Biodiversity
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
JWB applies the 