Evaluation of the level of interleukin 22 in patients with migraine in Diyala Governorate

Abstract

A migraine is a severe headache that comes in the form of attacks and is felt in one side of the head. It is usually not constant on one side but rather changes from one side to the other with repeated attacks, and sometimes on both sides and in most cases it is localized, that is, in the temple or around the eye. This study was conducted in the period from October 15, 2022, to March 22, 2023, when 50 blood samples were collected from patients with migraine disease in private pathological analysis laboratories in several areas of Diyala Governorate. The study included the age group from (14-56) years, as it was The number of males was 13 and the number of females was 37. Also, 38 blood samples from apparently healthy people of both genders were collected as a control group. The number of males was 25 and the number of females was 13 within the age group (18 - 56) years. The study included evaluating the level of interleukin 22 concentration using ELISA Technique. The study found that the incidence of migraine in females was 74.0% higher than in males percent  26.0%, with an average age of (28.76±1.46 years), compared to healthy people, where the average age was (28.95±1.37 years), with highly significant and statistically significant difference between the gender under the probability (P <0.001). The results of the current study showed a noticeable increase in the level of interleukin 22 concentration in patients with migraine, with a ratio of 2.33 (2.25 - 2.85 pg/ml) compared to the healthy group, which reached 2.23(2.51 - 2.14 pg/ml), which recorded a highly significant difference with statistical significance under Probability(P<0.001). The results of the current study showed a noticeable increase in females, where the concentration of IL-22 reached 2.35 (2.26 - 2.85 pg/ml), compared to males, where it reached 2.33 (2.25 - 2.51 pg/ml), which recorded a highly significant difference (P<0.001). The study concluded that IL-22 plays a role in cellular targeting and signal transduction to initiate and selectively regulate immune responses and also plays a central role in inflammatory diseases such as psoriasis and systemic lupus erythematosus.